What types of current do standard household outlets provide?

Standard household outlets provide low-frequency alternating current, which is typically at a frequency of 60 Hz in North America. This type of current alternates direction, which facilitates the efficient distribution of electricity over power lines. The voltage at which this current is delivered is usually around 120 volts in residential settings.

Unlike direct current, which flows in a singular direction and is not what household outlets supply, alternating current alternates its flow direction, allowing for the use of transformers to step voltage levels up or down for different applications. This is essential because it enables the safe and effective transmission of electricity over long distances. The term "low-frequency" refers to the stability of this type of current, making it suitable for powering household appliances and electronic devices that require consistent power levels.

High-frequency alternating current is used in specific applications, such as radio transmitters or certain kinds of lighting, but it is not what standard outlets deliver. Furthermore, variable current does not accurately describe the nature of household outlets, as they consistently provide a set voltage and frequency based on the electrical grid standards.